Vitamin D Deficiency Increases Risk of Obesity and Related Diseases

A study conducted by researchers at the University of Michigan (UM) found that children with vitamin D deficiency accumulate fat around the waist and gain weight more rapidly than those who have sufficient vitamin D. The `apple shape' body description of central fat accumulation is commonly associated with a greater risk of Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and other chronic conditions at older ages.

The research, led by epidemiologist Eduardo Villamor, followed 479 children aged 5-12 for a period of 30 months. The researchers took a baseline measurement of vitamin D levels in the blood, then examined the relationship between vitamin D levels and changes in the following three body fat indicators: body mass index, waist circumference and subscapular-to-triceps skin fold ratio.

The findings showed that a lack of vitamin D is associated with more rapid weight gain. An additional finding was that children with the lowest vitamin D levels had more significant increases in central body fat measures. Vitamin D deficiency was also linked to slower growth in height among girls, though not among boys.

Mr. Villamor said that the findings are "part of a very complex picture". Vitamin D is produced in the skin during exposure to the sun, and can be found in a small number of foods. Researchers suggest boosting vitamin D levels with fortified foods, supplements and sun exposure. In addition to easing weight gain, previous studies have also shown that adequate amounts of vitamin D could reduce the rates of viral infections.